VAT Calculator: Add or Remove VAT
Add VAT to a net price, take VAT out of a gross price, or find the VAT rate. Works for the UK, Ireland, South Africa, the UAE, Saudi Arabia, Germany, France and more, with every step shown.
For information only. VAT rates and rules change. Check your tax authority before you file or invoice. Not tax advice.
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How to calculate VAT
VAT is a percentage added on the net price (the price before tax). Two formulas cover almost every case.
- Add VAT: VAT = net × rate ÷ 100. Gross = net + VAT.
- Remove VAT (VAT from gross): Net = gross ÷ (1 + rate ÷ 100). VAT = gross − net.
- Find the rate: Rate = (gross − net) ÷ net × 100.
Shortcut for UK 20% VAT: multiply the net price by 1.2 to add VAT, and divide the gross price by 1.2 to remove it. Another way to find the VAT inside a 20% gross price is to divide it by 6, because 20 ÷ 120 = 1/6.
UK VAT calculator: the UK standard rate is 20%. Pick United Kingdom, enter a net or gross price, and you get the VAT amount and every step of the working.
VAT rates by country
| Country | Standard VAT rate | Other rates |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 20% | 5% reduced, 0% zero-rated |
| Ireland | 23% | 13.5%, 9%, 4.8% and 0% |
| South Africa | 15% | 0% for basic foods and some other items |
| UAE | 5% | 0% for some exports and services |
| Saudi Arabia | 15% | 0% for some exports |
| Philippines | 12% | Some items exempt or zero-rated |
| Germany | 19% | 7% reduced |
| France | 20% | 10%, 5.5% and 2.1% reduced |
Use Other / custom for any rate not listed. Countries such as India, Australia and New Zealand call the same idea GST: the formulas are identical.
Worked examples
1. Add 20% VAT to £100. VAT = 100 × 20 ÷ 100 = £20. Total = £120.
2. Remove 20% VAT from £120. Net = 120 ÷ 1.2 = £100. VAT = £20.
3. VAT from a gross price of £50. Net = 50 ÷ 1.2 = £41.67. VAT = £8.33.
4. South Africa, 15%. R230 including VAT. Net = 230 ÷ 1.15 = R200. VAT = R30.
5. Find the rate. Net 80 and gross 96. Rate = 16 ÷ 80 × 100 = 20%.
UK VAT rate and registration threshold
This UK VAT calculator uses the standard rate of 20%. The reduced rate is 5% and some items are zero-rated. A business must register for VAT when its taxable turnover goes over £90,000 (GOV.UK figure; check GOV.UK for the current threshold).
How much is VAT? 20% VAT on common amounts
| Price before VAT | VAT at 20% | Price with VAT |
|---|---|---|
| £10 | £2 | £12 |
| £50 | £10 | £60 |
| £100 | £20 | £120 |
| £500 | £100 | £600 |
| £1,000 | £200 | £1,200 |
To work out VAT from a price that already includes it, use Remove VAT: divide by 1.2, or divide by 6 to get the VAT amount directly.
Frequently asked questions
How do I calculate VAT?
Multiply the net price by the VAT rate and divide by 100. That is the VAT amount. Add it to the net price to get the total. At 20%, VAT on £100 is £20 and the total is £120.
How do I calculate VAT from the gross price?
Divide the gross (VAT-inclusive) price by 1 plus the rate. At 20%, divide by 1.2. The result is the net price and the difference is the VAT. Do not just take 20% off the gross price.
How is VAT calculated?
VAT is charged as a percentage of the net selling price at each step of the supply chain. A business charges VAT on sales, subtracts the VAT it paid on purchases, and pays the difference to the tax authority.
What is the VAT rate in the UK?
The standard rate is 20%. A reduced rate of 5% applies to items such as domestic energy, and a 0% rate applies to items such as most food and books.
How do I work out the VAT rate from two prices?
Subtract the net price from the gross price, divide by the net price and multiply by 100. Use the Find rate option and enter both prices.
What is the VAT rate in Ireland, South Africa and the UAE?
Ireland is 23% standard, South Africa 15% and the UAE 5%. Pick the country in the calculator to load the rate.
What is the difference between VAT and sales tax?
VAT is collected at every stage of production and sale, and businesses can reclaim the VAT they paid on purchases. US sales tax is charged once, at the final sale to the customer. Prices in VAT countries usually already include VAT.
Is VAT the same as GST?
They work the same way and use the same formulas. The name differs by country: GST in India, Australia and New Zealand, VAT in the UK, Europe, South Africa and the Gulf.
About this calculator
Free VAT calculator for the UK, Ireland, South Africa, the UAE, Saudi Arabia, the Philippines, Germany and France. It runs in your browser and does not store your numbers. Last updated November 11, 2026. Questions or corrections: [email protected].
Written by Junaid Riaz
Junaid Riaz wrote and checked this page. Every formula and worked example on this page is shown in full so you can check each result yourself. Corrections are welcome at [email protected].
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For information only, not professional advice.
Written by Junaid Riaz. Last updated: November 11, 2026.